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THE ARAB JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
Vol. 8, N° 2, November (1997) E.mail: takriti@nol.com.jo |
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CONTENTS / SOMMAIRE / ÝåÑÓ
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Case Report. |
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SUMMARY / RESUMES /
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§
Children's Vulnerability
to Psychological Health Problems Attitudes of a Community Sample of Arabs in
the United Arab Emirates / Harith Swadi, Lina Karim
ABSTRACT :
A community survey of adult
Arabs in the United Arab Emirates examined their beliefs regarding the
vulnerability of children to psychological health problems. The study
utilized a specially designed 10 item questionnaire covering the
vulnerability of children to different psychological problems. The results
showed that the sample had a less than expected level of awareness of such
vulnerability. Age, experience with child rearing, nationality and level of
education could not discriminate between those with acceptable levels of
awareness and those without. However, women were more aware than men of
children's vulnerability. Possible explanations for such findings are
discussed.
§
Patterns of Mental
Illness from Psychiatrists' Caseloads in Different Wartime Periods / Laila Farhood, Monique Chaaya, Josyan
Madi-Skaff
ABSTRACT :
The purpose of the study was to
describe patterns of mental illness of those who sought psychiatric services
during a five-year period (1985-1991) and to relate such patterns to
socio-demographic variables and periods of war violence. The sample consisted
of 364 patients coming for their first visit and selected from three
psychiatric clinics in Beirut. The results showed that the largest proportion
of psychiatric attendance was due to depression. A higher proportion of
females sought psychiatric care. Attendance for different disorders varied by
age and marital status. The findings also suggested a relationship between
war cycles and psychiatric illness. The proportion of patients with
depression and anxiety increased in post violence periods. §
Who Develops
Psychiatric Disorders Among Male Prisoners / Omer El-Rufaie, Harith Swadi, Rafia Ghubash
ABSTRACT : The aim of
this study was to identify the factors associated with developing a new
episode of psychiatric disorder during imprisonment among a sample of
sentenced male prisoners, excluding those with an established history of
problematic drinking and/or drug abuse. The study was conducted in the central
prison, Dubai, United Arab Emirates (U.A.E.). Socio-demographic data were
collected from 142 prisoners. All were interviewed by a psychiatrist who
administered the CIS and the CAGE questionnaires, documented self-reported
substance misuse and made a clinical ICD-10 diagnosis when it had been
appropriate. Ten variables were selected for testing their association with
developing psychiatric disorders in two groups, one with and without
identified psychiatric diagnoses. Chi-square test was used for categorical
variables and test for continuous variables. Mild mental retardation proved to
be the only factor associated with the development of new episodes of
psychiatric disorder on imprisonment. If stressful life events are defined as
any set of circumstances that requires changes in the basic life pattern of an
individual then imprisonment may be considered highly stressful. The stress
experience depends on the individual’s cognitive appraisal and his perception
of his own capacities to cope with the situation. There is evidence that
stress is associated with increased psychological disturbance and disordered
behavior. Moreover, prisoners in particular are a high-risk group for
psychiatric disorders. Although most prisoners are under variable forms of
stress, some develop psychiatric disorder while serving a prison sentence
while others do not. The aim of this work is, there fore , to identify the
factors which are associated with developing psychiatric disorders during
imprisonment i.e. factors which are suggestive of more vulnerability for
suffering psychiatric disorder in prison. Accordingly, the specific aims of
this study were to identify the possible correlates for developing a new
episode of psychiatric disorder during imprisonment among a sample of
sentenced male prisoners, except for subjects with established history of
problematic drinking and/or drug misuse. The rationale for excluding the
latter group was the strong relationship between problematic drinking and/or
drug misuse and mental disorder. We preferred to identify the potential
vulnerability correlates in a non-biased sample.
§
Psychological
Factors and Stressful Life Events Among a Group of Functional Dyspepsia Patients in Jordan / Moh'd A.M. Alshobaki, T. Ahmad, K.
Harfoshi, W. Obeidat
ABSTRACT : OBJECTIVE :
The purpose of this study is to identify the role of psychological factors
and stressful life events in the pathogenesis of functional dyspepsia
patients.
Patients and Methods : Forty
consecutive patients referred to the Psychiatry Department from the
Gastroenterology Department at the King Hussein Medical Center were diagnosed
as suffering from functional dyspepsia after negative clinical examinations
via the means of ultrasonography, endoscopy and barium meals, compared with a
control group, also consisting of forty patients and matched in sex, age and
education. Both groups were interviewed and assessed by a psychiatrist and a
psychologist using the Jordanian Version of the Cornell Index N2 and the
Arabic Version of the Life Events Scale.
RESULTS :
Functional dyspepsia patients scored significantly higher on anxiety, fear,
depression, hypochondriasis, somatization and psychopathic sub-scales as well
as suffering from more stresses than the control group. When comparing female
and male dyspeptic patients it was revealed that females suffered from more
psychological disorders than males.
CONCLUSION :
This study concludes that psychological factors and stressful life events
play a major role in developing symptoms of dyspepsia in some individuals,
and an early psychosocial assessment of such patients would prevent
subjecting a fair number of them to chronically as well as costly time
consuming physical investigations.
§
Overdose Among
Bahraini Adolescents and
Young Adults.
Psychosocial correlates / Ahmed
AI Ansari, Randa Hamadeh, Ali Matar, Ahmed Raees, Bana Buzaboon, Huda Marhoon
ABSTRACT : This study is part of a national
effort to investigate the problem of overdoses among Bahraini youths. The aim
of the study was to identify characteristics of attempts from two age groups:
adolescents (15-18 years) and young adults attempts (19-21 years).
Fifty-seven adolescents and 43 young adults were examined as part of a case
control study of all Bahrain attempted overdoses aged 15 to 24 years. The
adolescent overdose attempted was more likely to be single female a student
with a low suicide intent but having a feeling of failure in their life. They
had problems with peers and were more socially isolated. On the other hand,
the young adult overdose attempted was more likely to be married, unemployed
with a serious intention of committing suicide. Level of education, social class,
the frequency of recent contacts with helping agencies, type and source of
drug used, reasons for taking overdose and prevalence of mental disorder were
similar in both groups. The implications of such findings with respect to
prevention and early intervention are discussed.
§
Post Trammatic
Stress
Disorder in
Children Symptoms, Assessment and Treatment / Amjad Jumaian, Amer Hosin,
Aysha Rahmatallh
ABSTRACT : Post
traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was first recognized as a syndrome by the
American Psychiatric Association in 1980, and it was classified as an anxiety
disorder. This recognition was mainly based on work conducted on Vietnam War
Veterans and survivors of other major disasters. The aim of this review is
mainly to focus on symptoms, assessment and treatment of PTSD, as well as the
most recent research conducted on children in the Middle East, in order to
increase awareness among Public Health Professionals and stimulate further
research projects on children from regions of conflict.
q
Case Report. §
Frontal Meningioma
Presentïng with Organic Mood
Disorder
in a Patient with Delusional Disorder. A Case Report / Abdulrazzak M. Alhamad, Fatima
AI-Haidar
ABSTRACT : This is a report on a
diagnosed case of persecutory delusional disorder of eleven years duration.
The patient presented with organic mood disorder (depressive type) due to
frontal lobe meningioma. Issues relating to misdiagnosis of such cases are
discussed, such as overlooking of new complains of chronic psychiatric
patients by psychiatrists, explaining new developments in such psychiatric
patients as part of the condition and absence of neurological signs and
symptoms, such as headaches and vomiting.
§
The Practice of
Psychotherapy utilized by Psychiatrists in Tunisia - an overview -
/ AbedAlazziz Jaoua, Ali Jarraya
ABSTRACT :
The article
sums up the result of a questionnaire that was filled by Psychiatrists in
Tunisia to evaluate their practice in psychotherapy. Results showed that
37,5% of psychiatrists practice psychotherapy. The main techniques utilized
were assertive therapy (90%), dynamic psychotherapy (50%) and relaxation
therapy (50%). In general psychiatrists utilize three techniques as an
average, 73% practice only one method. Psychiatrists de evaluate their
results by clinical methods (70%)
client satisfaction (63%) only 13% of psychiatrists are content with
their practice. Combination of chemotherapy and psychotherapy is practiced by
89% of psychiatrists. The attitude toward combination is varied. At large the
psychotherapist is of the younger age group, permissive and eclectic. His
psychotherapeutic practice is flexible in the absence of institutional
control. |
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