|
Arabpsynet |
Revues
/ ãÌáÇÊ / Journals |
ÔÈßÉ ÇáÚáæã ÇáäÝÓíÉ ÇáÚÑÈíÉ |
|
|
|
|||
|
THE ARAB JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
Vol. 10,
No. 2, November (1999) E.mail: takriti@nol.com.jo |
|
||
|
|
|||
|
q
CONTENTS / SOMMAIRE / ÝåÑÓ
ÇáãæÖæÚÇÊ |
|||
|
q
Leading Article
§
Psychopathology and Physical Illness in Disasters and
within the Inner City / Haroutune K. Armenian
q
Review
Articles
§
Psychological Treatment of
Substance Misuse: A Review / C. Kouimtsidis, M. T. Abou-Saleh q
Papers §
Stages of Change and Self-Esteem among
Opiate Users / Abdullah. M. AI-Otaibi §
Self Mutilation / Hussein S. Hassan |
|||
|
q
SUMMARY / RESUMES /
ãáÎÕÇÊ |
|||
|
q
Leading Article §
Psychopathology and Physical Illness in Disasters and within the Inner
City / Haroutune K. Armenian
q
Review Articles
§
Psychological
Treatment of Substance Misuse: A Review / C. Kouimtsidis, M. T. Abou-Saleh
ABSTRACT :
Substance Misuse is a
universal major problem with medical, psychological and forensic dimensions
and consequences. Treatment approaches to substance misuse should address its
complexity, with pharmacological, psychological and social interventions
having an important role to play, either separately or in combination. This
article will focus on the psychological approaches. There will be brief
presentation of the models and the theory behind them as well as reference to
research evidence supporting their efficacy. At the end there will be more
detailed presentation of the theory and practice of cognitive behavior
therapy in substance misuse. §
The Role of Day
Hospitals in Modern Psychiatry
/
Mariwan Husni,
Jawad Sheikh, Narmen Koye, John Naggerty
ABSTRACT : Day hospitals
for mentally ill patients provide a setting where patients can be actively
treated and assisted to develop proper skills for better coping with their
illness and stress in general. They provide a unique setting in which
diversified skills in the management of the mentally ill patients are used
effectively. Day hospitals are cost effective in the spectrum of care for
psychiatric patients. This paper discusses the role of day hospitals in the
current practice of psychiatry. The discussion is based on review of the
recent literature,
visits to a number of day hospitals in Solihull and Birmingham in west
midlands, U.K. as well as interviews with the consultant psychiatrists in
charge of them. q
Papers §
Stages of Change and Self-Esteem among Opiate Users / Abdullah. M.
AI-Otaibi
ABSTRACT : The aim of this study was to
investigate the relationship between self-esteem and stages of change among heroin
users on methadone maintenance at the Maudsley Hospital. The sample was 31
male and female subjects. Subjects were given a self-esteem questionnaire and
stages of change questionnaire. They have been classified to five stages,
Precontemplation, Contemplation, Preparation, Action, Maintenance. Data was
analyzed by using Spearman correlation coefficient. Results showed that there
was a correlation between self-esteem and stages of change (N=32, r=4723, p=
< 007). This study suggested that this result would help us to assess
heroin users at treatment.
§
Deliberate Self-Harm in the Elderly. A Comparison with Younger Adults / Walid Abdul-Hamid, Martin
Smith, K. Sivakumar
ABSTRACT :
OBJECTIVES : This study aimed to
describe the elderly deliberate self-harm (DSH) cases in Maidstone and
compare them with younger adult DSH cases. Design and Setting : Structured information on all DSH cases admitted to Maidstone Hospital has been dept by the DSH team for 4 years. We analyzed the records of all DSH cases who were over 65 years and compared them with a random sample of the younger adults DSH cases presented to the services during the same period.
RESULTS : The number of the
elderly DHS cases in Maidstone was in the lower levels of the prevalence
suggested in previous studies. These elderly exhibited higher suicidal risks
and has more serious suicidal attempts.
CONCLUSION :
The association of the elderly DSH with physical health problems and the
possible low referral rate of elderly DSH to A&E department suggest the
need to move the DSH team work to primary care. §
The Sociodemographic
and Clinical Pattern of Hysteria in
Saudi Arabia / Tariq A. AI-Habeeb, Yousef 1.
Abdulgani,
Mohammed S. AI-Ghamdi,
Mohammed T. AI-Jundi, Naseem A. Qureshi
ABSTRACT : The
objective of this study is to describe prospectively the sociodemographic and
clinical parameters of patients with hysteria presenting
to Psychiatric Emergency Services of
five regional hospitals in Saudi Arabia. METHOD : This multicenter study recruited 132 patients with hysteria, diagnosed in accordance with the Fourth Edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder criteria (DSM IV).
RESULTS : The majority of patients
were females (70%), young (< 30 years, 87%) and single (63%). Most of them
presented with conversion disorder (98%) and were chiefly characterized by a
single symptom. The most frequent symptoms whether single or in combination
with other symptoms were aphonic (31,2%), fitlike movements (29,6%) and loss
of consciousness (25,6%). A proportion of patients (23,5%) was clinically
depressed.
CONCLUSION : The socioclinical pattern of
hysteria in Saudi Arabia appears to be changing. It is mostly consistent with
international data but the explanations are different. In light of this study
and other reviewed researches, it is suggested that a long-term study should
be pursued in order to identify the final course and outcome of such clients. §
Nicotine Dependence and Its Relationship to Depressive Anxiety Symptoms Among Saudi University Students
/ Abdullah Sultan Ai-Subaie .
ABSTRACT : OBJECTIVES
: This study aims at examining the prevalence of nicotine dependence and its
relationship to depression and anxiety among Saudi University students. Design, Setting and Participants : A sample of University students were selected including equal number of males and females.
Main Outcome
Measures : Students were asked to fill out the World Health Organization
questionnaire on smoking and the Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS). A
semi-structured interview was used on a pilot sample of students to ensure
the validity of the HADS in the non-clinical population. The Fagerstrom
Tolerance Questionnaire (FTQ) was used to identify nicotine dependents.
RESULT : The
prevalence of nicotine dependence was 3,3% of the total sample and 20,7% of
the smokers. Nicotine dependents were not different from non-dependent in
demographic data but they smoked more cigarettes for a longer duration, had
difficulty in refraining from smoking in prohibited places, smoked even when
very ill and inhaled smoke into their lungs. Also, they had significantly
more cases of depression and anxiety than non-dependent.
CONCLUSION :
Nicotine dependence is associated with depression and anxiety among Saudi
University students. §
Religions Identity in Egyptian Muslim and Christian Children Aged 6- 13 Years / Rachel Allison
Royle, Martyn Barrett, Yahya Takriti
ABSTRACT : OBJECTIVES
: This study investigated Egyptian children’s religious identity, their
attitudes towards and affective responses to their own and one other
religious group.
METHOD : 137 Muslim and Christian
Egyptian orphaned children aged between 3 ans 13 years were questioned using
a semi-structured interview which incorporated various tasks. RESULTS : Evidence was found to suggest that religion was a salient aspect of the children’s identity. There was evidence that some of the children were engaging in intergroup comparison, in-group favoritism and outgroup denigration as predicted by Social Identity Theory ; this was especially true for the Christian children. The Muslim children did demonstrate in-group favoritism but did not appear to engage in intergroup comparison and outgroup denigration to the same extent.
CONCLUSION :
These finding suggest that children’s knowledge and attitudes in the
religious domain may be influenced by the process of intergroup comparison as
proposed by Social Identity Theory. §
Factitious Disorders :. Sociocultural and
Clinical Factors Among Saudi
Patients / Naseern Qureshi, Tariq AI-Habeeb,
Muzamil Abdelgadir, Yasser AI-Ghamdy
ABSTRACT :
Cultural
factors are known to influence the epidemiology of various psychopathological
syndromes. The goal of this article is to analyze the sociocultural and
clinical features of factitious disorders in the light of Saudi culture. This
case study comprised of five patients (male = 3, female = 2) with
factitious disorders who were
identified through multiple interviews over a period of decade, I.e., from January 1983 to
December 1995. At a
sociodemographic level, most of these patients were characterized by lack of
adequate education,
dysfunctional marriages and problematic large families. At an etiological
level, multiple psychosocial factors fairly consistent with the international
literature were traced in all patients. Clinically extensive raveling I.e.,
peregrination, pseudopathological lying and aggressive behaviors were less
intense in females as compared to their male counterparts which could be
attributed to cultural differences. Furthermore, four patients uniquely consulted traditional
healers whose responses were varied. It is tentatively summarized that some
components of Munchausen’s syndrome (MS) are influenced pathoplastically by
sociocultural dynamics of Saudi Arabia. Further researches across cultures
are needed for unentangling psychological, social and cultural perspectives
of factitious disorders which may finally lead to the development of novel
culturally sensitive treatment strategies. §
Self Mutilation
/
Hussein S. Hassan
ABSTRACT : Thirty-three
psychiatric patients who committed self-mutilation regularly were examined an
interview and special questionnaire were used to identify demographic &
psychological variables related to this process. Results showed that majority
of them were single, had miserable child hood due to death or emotional
separation and they lift school early & had imprisoned many times most of
them were alcoholic and drug abusers. Self-mutilation started early in life,
usually after stressful life events that cause severe painful tension leading
the patients to, direct the aggression toward them. The following blood gives
great satisfaction and they feel no pain through out the process. While the
main diagnostic references (DSM-III- R), put self mutilation in the diagnostic
criteria of borderline personality disorder, 91% of patients were diagnosed
as having antisocial personality disorder this results needs further study. |
|||
|
Arabpsynet |
Revues
/ ãÌáÇÊ / Journals |
ÔÈßÉ ÇáÚáæã ÇáäÝÓíÉ ÇáÚÑÈíÉ |
|
|
Copyright ©2003 WebPsySoft ArabCompany,
Arabpsynet. (All Rights Reserved) |